MAKNA PENGGUNAAN KALENDER BALI DI TENGAH KEBERAGAMAN MASYARAKAT DESA PEGAYAMAN KABUPATEN BULELENG
Keywords:
balinese calendar, pegayaman, social adaptation, interreligious harmony, cultural hybridity, ecological wisdom.Abstract
The use of the Balinese calendar by the Muslim community in Pegayaman Village represents a unique form of cultural interaction and interreligious coexistence in northern Bali. Although religious practices in Pegayaman follow the Hijri calendar, the community simultaneously adopts the Balinese calendar for determining auspicious days, agricultural cycles, market activities, social events, and communal coordination. This dual-calendar practice raises questions about the cultural meanings embedded within the Muslim community’s continued use of a Hindu-influenced temporal system. This study aims to analyze the meanings of social adaptation, cultural preservation, communal identity, interreligious harmony, ecological wisdom, and knowledge transmission reflected in the community’s usage of the Balinese calendar.
This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach with an interpretive ethnographic model. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews with community leaders, farmers, religious figures, and youth, as well as documentation analysis. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña. The findings reveal that the Balinese calendar serves as a strategic tool for social adaptation that maintains Muslim–Hindu harmony, an instrument for preserving Balinese cultural identity within a Muslim community, and a marker of the communal identity of “Balinese Muslims.” Moreover, the calendar functions as a medium for interreligious tolerance, an ecological guide for agriculture and environmental management, and a mechanism for intergenerational knowledge transmission.
The study concludes that the Balinese calendar is not merely a chronological system, but a sociocultural instrument that reinforces social cohesion, environmental sustainability, and the integration of local wisdom within a multicultural society.
Downloads
References
Bachtiar, Y., Wirawan, A. A. B., & Mahyuni, I. A. P. (2022). Eksistensi Komunitas Muslim dan Hindu. Jurnal Pariwisata PaRAMA: Panorama, Recreation, Accomodation, Merchandise, Accessbility, 3(2), 57-65.
Berry, J. W. (1997). Immigration, Acculturation, and Adaptation. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 46(1), 5–34.
Fahham, A. M. (2018). Dinamika Hubungan Antarumat Beragama: Pola Hubungan Muslim dan Hindu di Bali. Aspirasi: Jurnal Masalah-Masalah Sosial, 9(1), 65-84.
Geertz, C. (1973). The Interpretation of Cultures. New York: Basic Books.
Koentjaraningrat. (2009). Pengantar Ilmu Antropologi. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Ramdhani, F. Z. (2017). Analisis Sistem Penanggalan Pawukon Bali. Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo.
Sillitoe, P. (1998). The Development of Indigenous Knowledge: A New Applied Anthropology. Current Anthropology, 39(2), 223–252.
Suradarma, I. B., Suwirmayanti, N. L. G. P., Arnawa, I. B. K. S., & Budiarta, K. (2022). Implementasi Harmonisasi Prilaku Manusia Dengan Alam Pada Kalender Bali Berbasis Wariga BELOG. Jurnal Sistem dan Informatika (JSI), 17(1), 55-61.
Untara, I. M. G. S. (2025). Transformasi Ilmu Wariga Dalam Masyarakat Adat Buleleng Antara Tradisi Dan Modernitas. Jurnal Penelitian Agama Hindu, 9(3), 88–107. https://jayapanguspress.penerbit.org/index.php/JPAH/article/view/4216
Untara, I. M. G. S., & Krishna, I. B. W. (2023). Ajaran Tattwa Dalam Tutur Medang Kemulan. Jurnal Ilmu Agama, 6(4), 397–412. https://jayapanguspress.penerbit.org/index.php/kamaya
Wartayasa, I. K. (2025). Astrologi Hindu dalam Dinamika Budaya Pertanian Subak: Studi Etnografi di Kabupaten Tabanan. Jayapangus Press Jurnal Penelitian Agama Hindu, 9. https://jayapanguspress.penerbit.org/index.php/JPAH
