RELIGIUSITAS MASYARAKAT ADAT HINDU DI KABUPATEN BULELENG: STUDI ETNOGRAFI KEHIDUPAN SOSIAL KEAGAMAAN

Abstract

This study examines the religiosity of indigenous Hindu communities in Buleleng Regency through an ethnographic approach to their socio-religious life. Religiosity is understood not only as the expression of beliefs and rituals but also as a value system that shapes social behavior, cultural identity, and harmonious relationships among humans, God, and nature. The research employed a qualitative ethnographic design, involving purposively selected informants, including bendesa adat, pemangku, sulinggih, customary leaders, and community members actively engaged in socio-religious activities. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis, and analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña.

The findings indicate that the religiosity of indigenous Hindu communities is socially constructed through the integration of Hindu teachings, customary institutions, and local cultural traditions. Values such as Dharma, Tri Hita Karana, Tat Twam Asi, Tri Kaya Parisudha, and Pañca Yajña are internalized through family, desa adat, banjar adat, and socio-religious practices, including ngayah, customary assemblies, religious ceremonies, and environmental conservation. Customary institutions play a crucial role in sustaining religiosity through educational, normative, and integrative functions. Despite the challenges of globalization and digitalization, these communities maintain their religious values while adapting to social change. The study contributes to the fields of anthropology and sociology of religion and indigenous Hindu studies in Indonesia.