EKSISTENSI UTAMA WIDYALAYA / UTAMA WIDYALAYA KEJURUAN DI INDONESIA

(IMPLIKASI TERHADAP ASPEK DINAMIKA, SOSIOLOGIS DAN PENGEMBANGAN KELEMBAGAAN)

Abstract

This study is motivated by the persistent gap between the normative expectations of the Indonesian government regarding the role of Utama Widyalaya/Utama Widyalaya Kejuruan (UWK) and the realities encountered in its implementation. Although national regulations position Widyalaya as formal institutions designed to preserve religious values while preparing students with relevant vocational competencies, practical challenges remain evident, particularly in governance, resource capacity, and community reception. This research employs a qualitative approach involving participatory observation, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and document analysis to examine the dynamics, sociological implications, and institutional development of UW/UWK. Data were analyzed using stages of reduction, narrative presentation, and inductive conclusion. The findings reveal that institutionally, UW/UWK’s sustainability is influenced by its responsiveness to policy changes, evolving competency demands, and internal managerial readiness. Sociologically, UW/UWK strengthens cultural-religious identity, enhances social cohesion, and contributes to social mobility for Hindu students. Community reception emerges as a determining factor shaping institutional legitimacy and continuity. In terms of institutional development, government support—particularly through revisions of PMA 2/2024, the proposal to nationalize private Widyalaya, and the establishment of new state-run Widyalaya—constitutes strategic efforts to improve quality, expand access, and enhance the competitiveness of Hindu education. The study concludes that the existence of UWK results from the interplay between regulatory frameworks, social legitimacy, and institutional capacity. Strengthening governance systems, enhancing curriculum relevance, and fostering community collaboration are essential for ensuring the sustainable and adaptive development of Widyalaya in Indonesia.